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06职称英语模拟试题-卫生类AB级第一套(9)

2008-01-18 23:01:18 作者：来源：互联网浏览次数：10 文字大小：【大】【中】【小】

简介：The researchers extracted data for this study from a large research project on pilot aging and flight safety．The data were gathered from general aviation crashes of airplanes and helicopters bet ...

The researchers extracted data for this study from a large research project on pilot aging and flight safety．The data were gathered from general aviation crashes of airplanes and helicopters between 1983 and 1997，involving 144 female pilots and 267 male pilots aged 40--63．Female pilots were matched with male pilots in a l：2 ratio，by age，classes of medical and pilot certificates, state or area of crash，and year of crash．Then the circumstances of the crashes and the pilot error involved were categorized and coded without knowledge of pilot gender．
The researchers found that loss of control on landing or takeoff was the most common
circumstance for both sexes，leading to 59 percent of female pilots’crashes and 36 percent of males’．Experiencing mechanical failure，running out of fuel，and landing the plane with the landing gear up were among the factors more likely with males，while stalling was more likely with females．
The majority of the crashes——95 percent for females and 88 percent for males——involved at least one type of pilot error．Mishandling aircraft kinetics was the most common error for both sexes, but was more common among females(accounting for 81 percent of the crashes)than males (accounting for 48 percent)．Males，however，appeared more likely to be guilty of poor decision-making，risk-taking，and inattentiveness, examples of which include misjudging weather and visibility or flying an aircraft with a known defect．Females，though more likely to mishandle or lose control of the aircraft，were generally more careful than their male counterparts.

词汇：
inattention／n．疏忽
aviation／n．航空
flawed／adj．有缺陷的
mishandle／v．瞎弄，乱处理
MPH(Master of Public Health)公共卫生硕士
gender／n．性，性别
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