In modern universities, all disciplines strive to distinguish themselves from all others. (46) In doing so, they make at a lower level a primary distinction between the humanities and the sciences, with the former taking human beings and their thoughts, imaginings, capacities and works as its subject and the latter taking on the nonhuman world, of which the human can be seen as a mere by-product.
Within the humanities, each subfield claims its own territory. Philosophy, for example, examines the conditions of human life and thought, focusing in particular on the question of free will and choice that informs both ethics and aesthetics. Its mode can be described, very broadly, as analysis. (47)History focuses its efforts on the records of specifically human endeavor and achievement, which provides not only a subject, but a certain scale and style of analysis. As a discipline, history is primarily predisposed not to analysis but to chronology or narrative, which is capable of representing events in a causal series.
(48)Criticism of the arts defines itself more by its object—paintings, buildings, films or literary texts—than by its methodology（方法论）, which can incline either toward philosophy, or toward history, the production or reception of the work of art. Sometimes multiple approaches are comprehended in the same critical work. As its subject is creativity, criticism of the arts must itself be creative in determining its own orientation, its own projects, its own methodology.
(49)The discrimination of fields makes it possible not only to achieve precise specialized knowledge, but to mark the progress of knowledge as limited sets of problems are solved, one after another. (50)The classification also, however, creates a host of unintended consequences, and some of these have proved to be just as productive as the intended ones. By limiting the kinds of questions that can be posed, departmental thought intentionally screens out certain features of reality, and while this partial blindness can be counted as a necessary condition of modern knowledge, it creates the conditions for an interdisciplinary reaction that blends two or more approaches to achieve results unobtainable by either: hence sociobiology, genetic engineering, architectural ethics and countless other innovations that are virtually invited by the limitations of disciplinarity.
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Section III writing
Part A
51 Directions
The 2008 Olympic Games are drawing near. Write an advocating letter to people around you to make contributions to the games.

You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead.
Do not write the address. (10 points)

Part B
52.   Directions:
Study the following cartoon carefully and write an essay of 160~200 words in which you should
1. describe the cartoon briefly,
2. interpret the phenomenon reflected, and
3. give your point of view.