高考英语动词辨析考点归纳

一、辨别拼写相近的词语

这类动词有：lie(位于，在), lie(散谎)与lay(放置，下蛋); find(找到，发现)与found(成立，建立); share(分享)与spare(抽出，匀出，腾出)等。如：
Let Harry play with your toys as well, Clare—you must learn to ________. (全国卷)
A. support                         B. care
C. spare                            D. share
【分析】答案选D。让Harry和你玩你的玩具，这是“分享(share)”。

二、动词与主语的搭配

1. All the leading newspapers ________ the trade talks between China and the United States. (全国卷)
A. reported                        B. printed
C. announced                     D. published
【分析】答案选A。“主要报纸”report(报道)“中美贸易会谈”。print(印刷); announce(宣布); publish(出版)。
2. Words ________ me when I wanted to express my thanks to him for having saved my son from the burning house. (上海卷)
A. failed                             B. left
C. discouraged                    D. disappointed
【分析】答案选A。words fail me是惯用语，与I cannot find words相当，意为“我无法用语言来表达(自己的感情等)”。

三、动词与介词的搭配

1. As we joined the big crowd I got ________ from my friends. (全国卷)
A. separated                        B. spared
C. lost                                 D. missed
【分析】答案选A。只有separated能与from连用：get / be separated from与…分散了。
2. Mary finally ________ Bruce as her life-long companion(伴侣). (上海卷)
A. received                          B. accepted
C. made                              D. honored
【分析】答案选B。能与as搭配的有accept和honor，但由句思可知用accept：accept…as…认可…是…；honored…as…尊敬…为…。

四、动词与名词的搭配

1. The three sisters decided to hold a family party to ________ their parents’ silver wedding. (上海春招)
A. celebrate                         B. memorize
C. congratulate                    D. welcome
【分析】答案选A。动词celebrate(庆祝)与名词their parents’ silver wedding(父母亲的银婚)搭配恰当。memorize记住；congratulate祝贺；welcome欢迎。
2. A man is being questioned in relation to the ________ murder last night. (江苏卷)
A. advised                          B. attended
C. attempted                       D. admitted
【分析】答案选C。the attempted murder企图谋杀犯。advise建议；attend出席，注意，照顾；attempt企图；admit允许某人进来，接受某人入学，容纳，承认。
3. If anybody calls, tell them I’m out, and ask them to ________ their names and address. (全国卷)
A. pass                              B. write
C. take                              D. leave
【分析】答案选D。leave their name and address留下姓名和地址。
4. If no one ________ the phone at home, ring me at work. (全国卷)
A. returns                          B. replies
C. answers                        D. receives
【分析】答案选C。answer the phone / the door bell接电话 / 听到门钤后去开门。
5. The captain ________ an apology to the passengers for the delay caused by bad weather. (全国卷)
A. made                            B. said
C. put                               D. passed
【分析】答案选A。make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事给某人道歉。
6. I learned to ________ a bicycle as a small boy. (全国卷)
A. drive                            B. ride
C. operate                         D. run
【分析】答案选B。ride a bicycle / horse骑自行车 / 马 drive a car开(驾驶)汽车 operate(或run) a machine / a factory开动机器 / 管理工厂；run a car / bicycle开得起或使用汽车或自行车(run：拥有和使用)。
7. —When shall we start? —Let ________ it 8:30. Is that all right? (北京卷)
A. set                                B. meet
C. make                             D. take
【分析】答案选C。“make it +时间”意为“就定在什么时间吧”。
8. —The cars give off a great deal of waste gas into streets.
—Yes. But I’m sure something will be done to ________ air pollution. (上海卷)
A. reduce                         B. remove
C. collect                         D. warn
【分析】答案选A。reduce air pollution降低污染。remove移开; collect收集; warn警告。

五、近义词的细微差别

这类动词有：表示“看”的see, watch, notice, observe, glance, stare；表示“说”的say, speak, tell, talk；表示“花费”的spend, cost, take, pay；表示“变化”的turn, get, become, go, grow; 表示“适合”的suit, fit, meet, satisfy; 表示“继续 / 延续”的continue, last, keep; 表示“收到 / 接受”的receive, accept; 表示“携带”的bring, take, fetch, carry等。如：
1. On hearing the news of the accident in the local mine, she ________ pale. (湖北卷)
A. got                               B. changed
C. went                            D. appeared
【分析】答案选C。go作系动词，多指人或事物变得不好的场合，如：go bad / sour / mad / blind / pale (食物) 变质 / 变酸 / 变疯 / 变瞎 / 变得苍白，但不与old, tired, ill, angry等词连用。get常用于口语，多指身体、天气、情感等方面的变化，如：get well / fat / cold / angry / worried变好 / 变胖 / 变冷 / 生气 / 忧虑；appear作系动词，意为“好像、似乎”；change不作系动词，后面不接形容词。
2. Happy birthday, Alice! So you have twenty-one already! (天津卷)
A. become                         B. turned
C. grown                           D. passed
【分析】答案选B。因为turn可以表示“达到或超过(某个年龄或时间)”，而其它几个不能。句意是：艾丽丝，祝你生日快乐！你已经满21周岁了。另外，turn和become后都可接名词，但turn后的单数名词前通常不要冠词；become表示业已完成，所以表示将来要用be或make代替；grow着重渐变的过程，且多指由小变大或由少变多，反之则用become。
3. The evening news comes on at seven o’clock and ________ only thirty minutes. (四川卷)
A. keeps                            B. continues
C. finishes                         D. lasts
【分析】答案选D。因为keep指保持某种状态，不用来指持续多入；finishes是短暂性动词，不与时间段连用；continue虽可指持续多久，但时间段前通常要用for；而last表示持续多久，其后的时间段前通常省略for。
4. If you are feeling so tired, perhaps a little sleep would ________. (浙江卷)
A. act                              B. help
C. serve                           D. last
【分析】答案选B。因为serve(服务)和last(持续)很容易排除。help意为“有帮助，有用，减轻，补救”；而act则意为“起作用，生效(=produce an effect; work)”。显然，前者是起好作用，而后者则不一定，因此，B最佳。