考前知识清理 17

I. 语法复习：　反意疑问句 02
二、常见句型的反意疑问句
7. 当陈述部分是there be 存在句型时，附加疑问句的主语也用there。
8. 感叹句的附加疑问句，其谓语要求用否定句。
9. 祈使句后面的附加疑问句问题
   A) 祈使句是否定形式，附加疑问句只能用will you。
   B) 祈使句是肯定形式，附加疑问句用肯定、否定均可。
C) Let开头的祈使句要注意：
Let’s 在意义上包含谈话的对方在内，表示提出建议或征求对方意见，其反意疑问句
  往往用shall we。
2. Let us 在意义上一般不包含谈话的对方在内，表示请求对方允许做某事的含义，let 有allow的意思。附加疑问部分用will you。
3. Let me 开头表示请求，附加疑问句用will you，或用may I。

II. 句型复习：
6. When summer comes on, the weather is getting hotter and hotter.
= Summer going on, the weather is getting hotter and hotter.
As there was nothing to do, they sat there talking. =There being nothing to do, they sat there talking.
If more time is given, we can do it better.   = More time given, we an do it better.
As he was poor, he doesn’t send his child to school. = Being poor, he doesn’t send his child to school.
7. She sat in the corner and her tears were streaming down her cheeks.
= She sat in the corner, with tears streaming down her cheeks.
The daughter sat quite still, and her eyes were fixed on the ground.
=The daughter sat quite still, with her eyes fixed on the ground.
Having so many essays to write, I doubt if I shall have time to visit you.
= With so many essays to write, I doubt if I shall have time to visit you.

III.词汇：A. 常用动词用法 (17)
trouble
trouble sb.    麻烦, 打扰
trouble sb. to do sth.  trouble sb. + 时间
sb. (not) trouble to do sth. 费事,烦心
be troubled with  受(某种病痛)之苦
fish in troubled water  浑水摸鱼
trouble about (doing) sth.   为…费事
 trouble … for sth.    麻烦(某人)递给…
trouble one's heart about  为…烦心

asking (looking) for trouble 自寻烦恼
(be) in trouble    有烦事,有困难
get into trouble   遇到麻烦, 出事 
get sb. into trouble  给人找麻烦;使人陷入困境
have trouble (in) doing sth.  有困难, 费事
have trouble with sth. (应付…时)有困难
make trouble        制造麻烦 
put sb. to trouble    给某人制造麻烦
save (spare) trouble   省事,避免麻烦
take trouble to do sth.  费事做某事
take trouble over sth.   (在…方面)下功夫
troublemaker   捣乱分子
troublesome    伤脑筋的, 使人头痛的
     
B. 短语记忆：　
  protest against sth 抗议   against sth provision for/against 准备   pull at/on sth 拉,拖
  reaction to 对...的反应   reason for 原因,理由    regard for 对...的注意,尊重
  reply to sb/sth 对...的回答 request for sth 要求     research on/into 对...的研究,调查
response to 对...的回答,反应  responsibility for 责任,负责   search for 对...的搜寻
C. 记住下列动词并写出它们的汉语意思：
 remain  vi.   remember  vt.  remind  vt.   remove  v.
 render  vt.    renew  vt.   repeat  vt.    replace  vt.
report  v.    represent  vt.  request  vt.   require  vt.
reserve  vt.   resign  v.   resist  v.    resolve  v.

考前知识清理 18

I. 语法复习：　不定式
1. 不定式的基本特征： 主动的，表将来的，表目的．
2. 不定式做主语时，谓语动词怎样在人称与数方面保持一致．
3. 可以用不定式做宾语的动词：want , like , wish, hate, prefer, hope, continue, manage, try, ask, offer, start,
forget, promise, mean, pretend,begin, decide, learn, agree, expect等．
4. 可以用wh-＋不定式做宾语的动词．
    ask, decide, explain, forget, know, learn, remember, see, tell, show, teach, discuss, wonder, advise 等．
5. 不定式做宾补的注意事项：　A) 使役动词后的宾补．    B)感官动词后的宾补．
6. 不定式作定语时应注意的事项：　A)不定式的主动式或被动式的选择．  B)与被修饰词的逻辑关系．
7. 不定式作状语．　A) in order to   so as to (表目的)
B) be glad to do sth.  (表原因，注意该句型的形容词)　C)only to do sth.  (表结果，多数有only在前．)
8. … too… to… 与 … enough to do sth. 的转换问题．
9. 是不是凡是too… to… 结构都能译成“太．．．而不能．．．”？
10. 省略不定式符号的几种情况：　A) 感官动词，使役动词后的宾补中． B)help后作宾语或宾补中．
  C) had better , would rather, would sooner, rather than 后． 
  D) but, except 位于do + anything(nothing, everything)后．
　E) 由and , or 连接两个不定式，第二个不定式前可省略．

II. 句型复习：
Fish sleep when their eyes are open.   = Fish sleep , with their eyes open.
The teacher felt sad because so many pupils had gone away.
= with so many pupils away, the teacher felt sad.
The mayor of New York stood and he had a hat on his head.
= The mayor of New York stood , with a hat on his head.

III.词汇：A. 常用动词用法 (18)
call   sb.      叫(喊)某人, 给某人打电话
call   sb. + 名词     sb. + adj.              说．．．是．．．，　认为．．．
call attention to 　引起对．．．的注意
call away　叫走了
call  back  回电话；叫回去 
call  for   要求、号召、约请
call  in   招集、招来,找来；请来；收回
call names 骂（人）　
call on (upon) sb.  = call at sb’s house ．．．拜望，去会（某人）
call on (upon) sb. to do sth.    叫（请）某人作某事；号召；要求；呼吁
call at ( a place )      访问（某地）
call  on   拜访、访问
call out to sb.  = shout at sb.  向某人吼（叫喊） 
call up 给某人打电话；　叫．．．起床
pay (make) a call on sb.　访问某人  =pay a visit to sb.
give sb. a call  = male a calltosb. 给．．．打电话 on call      随叫随到，随时可用
 
B. 短语记忆：　
 service to 服务,贡献   skill at 技巧,熟练   solution to ...的解决办法
sorrow at/for/over 悲哀,悲痛  sympathy for 对...的同情  sympathy with 对...的赞同
taste for 对...的爱好,喜爱   taste in 对...的审美能力  trust in 对...的信赖,信任
wish for 欲望,愿望   hungry for 渴望   invisible to 不可见的
 
C. 记住下列动词并写出它们的汉语意思：
respect  vt.   respond  vi.  rest  v.    restore  vt.
 result  vi.    retire  vi.   return  v.    review  vt.
 ride  v.    ring  v.   rise  vi.    rob  vt.
 roll  v.    rule  vt.   run  v.    rush  v.